Kingdom of the Nabataeans from its capital, Petra
It is located in Jordan, which is famous for the incense trade from southern Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean, which was used in religious rituals and burials, and is very important to many cultures, including the Roman Empire. The Nabataean kingdom was powerful and independent from 168 BC until it joined the Roman Empire in 106 AD.
Madain Saleh is located on the southern edge of the Nabataean lands, which is an excellent location for controlling the trade routes. Although it is located in the middle of the desert, it contains many wells, and the Nabataeans were able to cultivate large areas of land in it.
The Saudi authorities ignored this ancient civilization and did not show any interest in civilizations before Islam for a long time, although it is located on one of the main roads through which pilgrims pass to perform the Hajj, but now the Saudi authorities have begun to open the door of tourism to these areas, as it attracted last year Approximately 40,000 tourists, and most of these tourists are Saudis, but the tourist offices encourage foreign tourists to see these wonderful monuments as well, and two museums were opened in this site, one of which is about the Nabataean civilization and the other is about the railway that was opened by the Ottomans in the early twentieth century.
In addition, French archaeologists are excavating to find more new information about the Nabataean civilization.