Who invented the blood pressure monitor?
The first person to discover blood pressure was an English clergyman named Stephen Hales, who conducted experiments on animals to understand the principle of blood pressure. His experiment involved inserting a glass tube into a horse's artery and monitoring its blood pressure. This device, which measured the horse's blood pressure, was called a manometer.
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He was born in England in 1677 AD. He was a botanist, clergyman, and physiologist. He was one of the first scientists to conduct quantitative experiments in plant and animal physiology. He studied botany and chemistry at Corpus Christi College in Camp Ridge. Hales was able to measure transpiration and water vapor emitted by plants. He also discovered blood pressure. He also discovered the speed and resistance of blood flow within the blood vessels. He also discovered the efficiency of the left ventricle of the heart and the amount of blood ejected from the heart per minute. Stephen Hales also invented a ventilation device that transported fresh air into prisons and granaries. He died in 1761.
French physician Jean-Léonard Marie later replaced the long tube in the manometer with millimeters of mercury.
German physician Samuel Siegfried Karl devised a method for measuring blood pressure without penetrating the skin.
The credit for inventing the final, complete version of the device goes to the great Italian scientist Scipione Riva-Rocchi, who invented the first blood pressure gauge known to the entire world. Although this device was primitive in form, it represents the true starting point for our knowledge of this great invention. It has also evolved into many modern types and forms available today.